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RFC Channel
A remote function call (RFC) is the call of a remote-enabled function module (RFM) in a partner system. The caller is the RFC client and the called partner is the RFC server. Information about the server is stored on the client side in table RFCDES. RFC destinations are maintained in transaction SM59. The remote destination can be another application server in the same or a different R/3 System, an R/2 System, or a non-SAP system.
Synchronous RFC (sRFC)
With synchronous RFC (sRFC), processing stops in the calling program while the called remote function is processed. Once the RFC output is returned, processing continues in the calling program.
Asynchronous RFC (aRFC)
In an asynchronous RFC, the called remote function is started immediately in the calling program and then continues processing on its own, separately from the calling program. The function output can be received later in the program. Asynchronous RFC is intended for parallel processing. You can also use aRFC within a single SAP R/3 System, for example, to move some of the processing load to an application server that is used especially for this purpose or use aRFC locally within the same application server to implement parallel processing in several work processes.
In table RFCDES, you can set the number of aRFC calls for each destination using the aRFC options. After these aRFC calls, an automatic load check is performed on the target server. If resource bottlenecks are detected, the system waits for a short time for the next aRFC call to the same remote system, and the client program is rolled out of its work process. It can then receive results from previous aRFC calls.