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Real User Monitoring

Real User Monitoring (RUM) is an application in SAP Focused Run. It provides permanent measurement of all real user requests within a system landscape covering performance as well as utilization aspects. For details of the User Interface, please check the RUM User Interface description.
 

Scope

  • Monitoring of real-user requests cross system and cross technology.
  • Correlation and assembling of different server side measured data to end-to-end user scenarios.
  • Data are provided by SAPUI5 or SAPGUI, SAP Gateway, SAP ABAP and SAP J2EE Systems. Scope will be step-by-step enhanced for non-SAP Systems based on customer requirements.
  • SAP Real User Monitoring covers performance as well as utilization measurement (web analytics).
     

Content

Target Group

  • Application management service providers and customers who like to get transparency regarding real end user behavior based on high volumes of usage data.

Release Notes

SAP Focused Run 1.00

  • Monitoring of performance and usage for ABAP Systems of request types RFC, Web Service, http(s), DIAG(SAPGUI) and SAPUI5/Fiori
  • Monitoring of performance and usage for SAP J2EE Systems of request types RFC, Web Service, http(s)
  • Monitoring UI
    • Status Overview
    • Request Overview
    • Customizable Card View
    • End-User View (SAPUI5/Fiori)

Feature Pack 01

  • Monitoring of performance and usage (without user names) for HANA XS engine of requests of type http(s) and SAPUI5/Fiori
  • Aggregation of the single request to hourly values with separate life time.
  • Monitoring UI
    • Tree map with dedicated views for performance, work load and usage
    • 24h profiles
    • Topology view, from which systems are the selected systems called and which systems are called by the selected systems

Feature Pack 02

  • Monitoring of performance and usage for SAP Business Technology Platform (Neo) of requests of type http(s) and SAPUI5/Fiori
  • SLA Alerts based on own created and public cards
  • Self Monitoring Alerts for RUM data collectors
  • Allow for actions a mapping of technical names to any free definable description like for requests
  • Allow in administration UI download and upload of
    • System settings (threshold configuration)
    • Pages and own defined cards from Cardview 
  • Monitoring UI
    • Front-end performance view ( chart for SAPUI5 requests with client response time, network time and server time)
    • Include ABAP back end performance KPIs from System Analytics

Feature Pack 03

  • History view of end-user browser versions
  • Configuration is now included in Monitoring UI
  • ABAP Exceptions of end-users can be displayed in separate view

SAP Focused Run 2.00

  • Integration of System Analysis in RUM via jump-in functionality to relevant system and time stamp

Feature Pack 01

  • New Frontend Types:
    • Web Dynpro (ABAP) (requires SAP_UI 7.53 in managed system)
    • Web GUI (for HTML) (requires SAP_UI 7.53 in managed system)
  • Static customer dependent mapping of users to location or organization attributes

Feature Pack 02

  • Monitoring of performance and usage for SAP S/4HANA Public Cloud Edition of requests of type http(s) and SAPUI5/Fiori

Feature Pack 03

  • New page Topology Requests containing source and target systems of different request type with incoming request names as table.
  • New view Client Overview containing OS version, browser version user name and last activity including filter.
  • New Generic View with possibility to choose metric (executions, response time) and different dimensions (request type, name or location attributes) like in System Analysis.

SAP Focused Run 3.00

  • New Page Execution Flow to allow analysis of executed user interactions ordered by time for a dedicated user or session.
  • Check for HANA Expensive Statements from Correlation view in case the back-end request has a high DB time.

Feature Pack 01

  • Monitoring of performance and usage for SAP Cloud for Customers of Oberon requests (like SAPUI5).
  • Monitoring of performance and usage for SAP Marketing Cloud of requests of type http(s) and SAPUI5/Fiori
  • New Page Click Path to allow analysis of navigation path for Fiori applications and SAPUI5 components including KPIs for number of visits or session duration.
  • New jump-in functionality from page Execution Flow to page Request Overview for deeper analysis.
  • New page HTTP Statistics to give an overview of http status codes, Top 10 response times and Top server and client errors.
  • New capabilities for Generic View with metrics for incoming and outgoing HTTP requests

Feature Pack 02

  • Additional fields from statistic records displayed in Correlation View like Top n Table accesses and HANA Metrics (requires ST-PI 7.40 SP16) see also Specific Settings for SAP Focused Run Applications
  • New Request Type RFCS for SNC enabled RFC requests (requires ST-PI 7.40 SP16).
  • Allow jump-in from Synthetic User Monitoring.
  • Accept metrics from cloud services like SAP Integrated Business Planning via proxy in SAP Cloud ALM.
  • New filter in Frontend View for browser types.
  • New filter for browser version in capability RUM UI Metrics in Generic View  

Feature Pack 03

  • Device Category (Desktop, Tablet, Phone..) is displayed in Frontend View
  • HTTP client and server errors are now visible in Request Overview via new display variant
  • Topology View contains now for RFC requests
    • either the calling SID,
    • the host name for non SAP clients or 
    • SAPGUI for SAPGUI requests over RFC.
  • Provide jump-in from Generic View to Request Overview
  • New metrics for client and server errors in capability RUM HTTP Metrics in Generic View
  • New capability for Generic View with metrics for ABAP table accesses. With that capability you can easy find out which database tables are most often under the top n of accessed tables.

SAP Focused Run 4.00

  • For Dialog request types, in addition to the transaction codes SA38 and SE38 from SAPGUI for executing reports, the report name is now also visible in parentheses.
  • For HTTP calls in Request Overview, a new field – Partner IP Address – has been added to the database tables to display the caller's IP address, see also Specific Settings for SAP Focused Run Applications
  • The Destination name has been added for outgoing calls in the Topology Requests table of the Topology interface.
  • Better display option for CRM UI requests
  • New HTTP Outgoing Statistics page
  • New Metric for capability RUM Requests in Generic View  for Last Execution. With that capability you can easy find out at which date an application or request has been executed the last time in a time range.

Feature Pack 01

  • New navigation from  HTTP Outgoing Statistics page to Requests Overview.
  • New analytics data provider Real User Monitoring - Request Type Overview
  • Native Storage Extension(NSE) for Real User Monitoring tables can now be enabled via report /RUM/SETUP

Feature Pack 02

  • As an alternative to fixed systems RUM Groups can be defined also based on LMDB attributes such as Role, Priority, Lifecycle Status or any own defined attribute.

  • Raise Alert per System – If multiple systems have been entered or LMDB Attributes for each system, a separate alert is raised.

  • Raise Alert per Request – If multiple requests have been entered or wild cards, a separate alert is raised for each matching request name.

  • The new Alert Historical alert is based on historical values. With the Alert Historical calculations, the current time range is always compared with the same time range of the same day of the week over the last n weeks.

Feature Pack 03

  • RUM Groups can be defined also based on location attributes like country code and custom attribute 1 .
  • New supported service types as mentioned in Real User Monitoring Content

 

Prerequisites

General

  • Real User Monitoring is available as of SAP Focused Run 1.00
  • System Monitoring Setup of the Technical Systems involved is required for Real User Monitoring
     

Technical Requirements

  • FIORI/SAPUI5 Monitoring
    • Managed System must be at least on SAP_BASIS 7.40 SP12
    • Managed System SAPUI5 version must be at least on 1.38.8
    • Managed System ST-PI version must be at least on 7.40 SP04
  • Web Dynpro or Web GUI Monitoring
    • Managed System must be at least  SAP_UI 7.53

 

Relevant SAP Notes

SAPUI5 version in SAP Focused Run is developed and tested based on the underlying software components. It might happen when a higher version of the underlying component is applied (e.g. SAP_BASIS or SAP_UI) that some additional patches need to be applied.

  • SAP Focused Run 4.0 SP00
  •  
  • SAP Focused Run 4.0 FP01
    • SAP Note 3338898: Corrections for Real User Monitoring FRUN 4.0 FP01
    • SAP Note 3317984: Composite Note for UI5 applications in SAP Focused Run Release 4.0 FP01
  •  
  • SAP Focused Run 4.0 FP02

Managed System Preparation

  • SAP Focused Run SP00
    • SAP Note 2412927:  Corrections for Real User Monitoring FRUN SP00
    • When SAP_UI 7.50 SP06 is applied the SAPUI5 version needs to be patched with SAP Note 2419950 (SAPUI5 upgrade to version 1.38.17).
  • SAP Focused Run FP01
  • SAP Focused Run FP02
  • SAP Focused Run FP03
  • SAP Focused Run 2.0 SP00

     

  • SAP Focused Run 2.0 FP01
    • SAP Note 2800562: Composite Note for Advanced User Monitoring in Focused Run for SAP Solution Manager Release 2.0 FP01
    • SAP Note 2786143: Composite Note for UI5 applications in Focused Run for SAP Solution Manager Release 2.0 FP01

  • SAP Focused Run 2.0 FP02
    • SAP Note 2860600: Composite Note for Advanced User Monitoring in Focused Run for SAP Solution Manager Release 2.0 FP02
    • SAP Note 2899694: Collective corrections for FRUN UI5 applications 2.0 FP02

  • SAP Focused Run 2.0 FP03
    • SAP Note 2926084: Composite Note for Advanced User Monitoring in Focused Run 2.0 FP03
    • SAP Note 2935257: Composite Note for UI5 applications in Focused Run Release 2.0 FP03


       
  • SAP Focused Run 3.0 SP00
    • SAP Note 2995970: Composite Note for Advanced User Monitoring in Focused Run 3.0 SP00
    • SAP Note 2995980: Composite Note for UI5 applications in Focused Run Release 3.0 SP00

  • SAP Focused Run 3.0 FP01
    • SAP Note 3062234: Composite Note for Advanced User Monitoring in Focused Run 3.0 FP01
    • SAP Note 3062242: Composite Note for UI5 applications in Focused Run Release 3.0 FP01
       
  • SAP Focused Run 3.0 FP02
    • SAP Note 3116244: Composite Note for Advanced User Monitoring in Focused Run 3.0 FP02
    • SAP Note 3116230: Composite Note for UI5 applications in Focused Run Release 3.0 FP02
       
  • SAP Focused Run 3.0 FP03

Setup

Prerequisites

  1. Ensure the Use-Case Settings For Simple System Integration are enabled for use-case AUM.
  2. Execute Managed System Setup for Systems in Scope
  3. Ensure that latest and recommended ST-PI version is installed in managed systems Prerequisites (section above)
  4. Ensure that latest versions of notes are applied in SAP Focused Run prerequisites (section above)
  5. Execute the report /RUM/SETUP to enable portioning of the tables
  6. Create for each customer ID one system user FRN_RUM<CID> with role SAP_FRN_RUM as mentioned in the Security Guide.


Real User Monitoring Administration

Starting with SAP Focused Run 1.00 SP03 the Administration of the Real User Monitoring application is now included in Monitoring UI itself. To reach the Administration area, please click the Configuration Icon in the upper right corner of the Real User Monitoring application and you can find the following categories:

  • Global Thresholds
  • Global Settings
  • Systems
  • Groups
  • Request Descriptions

Global Thresholds

In this area you can change the Global Threshold for Yellow and Red ratings in the application in relation to the request types like HTTPS, SAPUI5, RFC, HTTP, Dialog.

Global Settings

In this area you can check if the housekeeping job scheduled and when it has been executed the last time.

  • Enter the lifetime of the data:
    • Number of days for single requests
      When this time is reached all single requests are aggregated together with the aggregated requests to hourly aggregated data.
    • Number of days for aggregated data.
  • Enter the time when the housekeeping job should run.
     

When Native Storage Extension(NSE) for Real User Monitoring is enabled you can set additionally the number of days how long data is kept in memory.

 

Systems

In this area it is possible to activate and deactivate certain systems from your scope.

 

Via the edit button you can manage the individual threshold settings for the different request types of the system. Via an Excel download/upload in the upper right corner it is also possible to simplify the maintenance of the threshold values.


Groups

With the groups it is possible to define new request types based on the basis types. The group can be based on data for specific systems, User Types, Requests, and Action. The groups can also be assigned an alert type. In order to display the groups you have to change the filter settings for the different views.


Request Descriptions

It is possible to create for technical request name a more meaningful user-friendly description which is then displayed in the monitoring. However, configuration and filtering must be done for the technical names.
The mapping can be downloaded, locally modified and uploaded again or also uploaded in another SAP Focused Run system e.g. production.

A default mapping for Fiori Application Ids can be uploaded from Request_Descriptions_Default_Fiori_S4_OP_Combined.xlsx   

Expert Configuration

There are some settings possible which might be changed only after recommendation by SAP and which is not possible in the UI.

All settings are globally and are only effective after sending the configuration to the agents (either by a change in the RUM Ui e.g. changing a threshold or by executing SSI for a system).

Note: Do not delete or change any entries in the table that are not mentioned here!


Changing Collection Frequency

The default frequency how often the collectors are running on the agents is in FP00 5 minutes and with FP01 2 minutes.

If you want to change the collection frequency enter/change in SE16 in table /RUM/GLOBALCFG the entry

TYPE = COLLECTOR
PARAM = COLLECTION
VALUE = 120

The unit of the value is seconds.


Changing User Aggregation

Up to SAP Focused Run 2.0 FP01 by default the user name is also contained in the aggregated records. This is helpful if you want to check or search in the monitoring UI which actions one dedicated user has been executed. If you want to reduce the table size and you are not interested in the user names of the aggregated records you can switch it of. You can then add in SE16 the following entry in table  /RUM/GLOBALCFG:

TYPE = COLLECTOR
PARAM = USER
VALUE =

Initial value removes the user from aggregated values, X keeps the user in the aggregated values.

Since SAP Focused Run 2.0 FP02 the default behavior is to remove the user names in aggregates. If you want to keep them set the value to X.


Changing Look Back Time

By default the agent tries to cover the last 24 hours of data from managed system. In case you want to change this value add in SE16 the following entry in table  /RUM/GLOBALCFG. The unit of the value is hours.

TYPE = COLLECTOR
PARAM = LOOKBACK
VALUE = 48


Changing Default Thresholds

Each request type has default thresholds (in ms):

Default Thresholds

System Type Request Typ Green->Yellow Yellow->Red Aggregation
  ABAP   001 (Dialog) 1500 3000 1000
  ABAP   101 (http) 1500 3000 600
  ABAP   102 (https) 1500 3000 600
  ABAP   251 (WS) 1500 3000 600
  ABAP   254 (RFC) 1000 3000 300
  ABAP   256 (SAPUI5) 2000 4000 1000
  JAVA   101 (http) 2000 6000 1000
  JAVA   102 (https) 2000 6000 1000
  JAVA   251 (WS) 1500 3000 600
  HANADB   101 (http) 2000 6000 600
  HANADB   256 (SAPUI5) 2000 6000

1000
  EXT_SRV   101 (http) 2000 6000 300
  EXT_SRV   102 (https) 2000 6000 300
  EXT_SRV   256 (SAPUI5) 2000 6000

1000

Default Thresholds: 

Default thresholds can be changed by entering the values with SE16 into table /RUM/FILTERCFG.
The values are in ms and should not be set too low. 
The value for Aggregation defines if a request is put into an aggregation bucket or kept as single request. This value must be lower than the value for Green→Yellow.

The Default values are only taken into account when a new system is added in RUM configuration. Existing configured system are not touched.

Alerting

Since SAP Focused Run 1.0 FP02 it is possible to create alerts and automatic notifications for RUM. There are two types of alerts available which can be displayed in the Alert Inbox by selecting Monitoring Use Case = Real User Monitoring in Scope Selector:


Self-monitoring Alerts

To be notified when a collector is stopped or not working anymore (e.g. user is locked, password changed, connection issue,..) you can schedule the report /RUM/SELFMON_ALERTS_TRIGGER as a background job.

It should be scheduled for user FRN_BTC_RUM and it is sufficient to run every 60 minutes.

In the variant you can specify if the report should be executed only for one (customer) network and a notification variant if you want to get notified by e-mail for example when the collector do not send anymore data.


Alerts based on groups

You can specify for each self defined group if you want to get notified for unusual behavior. These Alert types are available

 

The calculation is triggered by the job /RUM/ALERT_CALCULATION which is scheduled when executing the report /RUM/SETUP.

Upgrade Steps

  1. Ensure that latest versions of notes are applied in SAP Focused Run Prerequisites (section above)
  2. Execute the report /RUM/SETUP which migrates own created card views to groups.

FAQ's

No, it has no impact on the end user performance.

No, RUM does not need any additional software to be installed on the end users device.

Prerequisites for managing and Managed Systems are listed in the Prerequisites Section.

Several RFC server requests can be processed in one dialog step and are therefore written into one statistical record. If this is the case the CPU and DB time cannot be assigned to a single RFC call.

Real User Monitoring is able to monitor and correlate synchronous requests triggered by end users. As soon as there is an asynchronous step the request flow cannot be correlated completely.

Some components which do not forward the SAP Passport (like ABAP Proxy, XI runtime) also break the request flow and outgoing requests might not be mapped to the incoming request.

Requests of type SAPUI5/Frontend have some measured values that are different from other request types.

These are:

  • Round Trip Time (start time of first server record until end time of the last server record per round trip)
  • Network Time
  • Number of Round Trips (number of server requests initiated by this user interaction)

Response time is the elapsed end-user time measured in the browser.

Net Time is the time spend by the application in the browser. It is approximately the difference between the Response Time and the Round Trip Time influenced by the accuracy of the measurement. See also in the picture below.

In the deepest level of the Request Overview the correlated requests are displayed with some details. Most of the fields should be self explaining. The others are described below.

Response Time: Elapsed time or gross time for that request in that component
Net Time: Net time spent in that component = Gross time minus time for outgoing requests
Wait Time: Time in the component for example to get a resource (Lock, work process,..)
Memory: Consumption of this request in this component
Net Time Percentage: Percentage of the net time spent in the component compared to the response time of the root node of the graph
Transaction ID: SAP Passport field; Identifier of request
Connection ID: SAP Passport field;Identifier of a connection between two components
Connection Counter: SAP Passport field; Counter of used connection
Pre Component ID:  SAP Passport field; Previous Component ID

The application needs a scope selection to display any data. You can manage several combinations of system IDs, types, live cycle or network names. These settings can be persisted as queries, made public (to be used by other users) and set as default.

The following steps describe this in detail.

  1. Select the arrow to open the dialog

  2. Persist your query (Save As) or manage existing queries
  3. Select which query should be used as default and if it should be applied automatically.

    When the Apply Automatically flag is set the scope selection pop-up does not appear when the application is launched.
The settings are user dependent.

The application needs a scope selection to display any data but there several direct jump-ins possible when the scope is provided by url parameters.

Overview Page:

Use the path ?jumpto=overview to start the application with required parameter &lmdbid=<LMDB ID of system>

Example: /sap/bc/ui5_ui5/rum/e2erum/index.html?jumpto=overview&lmdbid=FA163E4CC4F01EE68CC7030173AFFB7D

As an alternative this url path is also working ?extsid=<Extended SID>&type=ABAP&lmdbid=<LMDB ID of system>  

 

Request overview:

Use the path ?jumpto=requests to start the application with required parameter &lmdbid=<LMDB ID of system>

Optional parameters for filtering are:

users=  User Names(comma separated)

requesttypes=   (numerical) Request Types (comma separated)

requestnames=  Request Names (comma separated)

Example: /sap/bc/ui5_ui5/rum/e2erum/index.html?jumpto=requests&lmdbid=<LMDBID1>,<LMDBID2>,<LMDBID3>&users=i*,c12345&requesttypes=101,102&requestnames=/sap/bc/*,*Component

 

Execution Flow:

Use the path ?jumpto=requests to start the application with required parameters &lmdbid=<LMDB ID of system> and &user=

Optional parameters are:

STARTTIMESTAMP= Start time stamp in format <YYYYMMDDhhmmss>

ENDTIMESTAMP=

Example: /sap/bc/ui5_ui5/rum/e2erum/index.html?jumpto=execFlow&STARTTIMESTAMP=20230710093144&ENDTIMESTAMP=20230710103144&lmdbid=<LMDBID1>,<LMDBID2>,<LMDBID3>&user=FRN_ASM_ADM